TLS — Transport Layer Security
Definition
A cryptographic protocol that provides secure communication over a network, used to encrypt HTTPS, SMTP, IMAP, and many other application protocols.
Context & Usage
TLS replaced SSL (deprecated). Current version: TLS 1.3 (2018), with TLS 1.2 still widely deployed. TLS 1.0 and 1.1 are deprecated and considered insecure. Modern best practice: support only TLS 1.2 and 1.3, with strong cipher suites (ECDHE, AES-GCM).
Examples
- Apache/Nginx HTTPS configuration with TLS 1.3
- Postfix SMTP with STARTTLS
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